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This chapter shows you how to transfer drawings and data created by HighRoad into other applications. You will learn how to make PICT and DXF files of drawings, list survey points and quantities in a text file, export the terrain model in Quickdraw 3D, GDL and CivilCAD format and export roads or pads in MOSS format.
Note: PICT files are used mainly by Macintosh users.
Saving drawings as PICT files
You can save drawings of plan, profile, and cross sections as PICT files. Any application that can accept PICT files can read the file and reproduce these drawings. You can then enhance these drawings within that application by adding notes and diagrams. You set up for PICT files in the same manner as you do when producing drawings on a plotter.
The plan can be exported when the Plan window is active. (Choose Plan from the Window menu.) Contours, triangles and feature strings may be shown in addition to the plan of the road when survey data is an irregular network of points.
Choose Show contours, Show triangulation, Show features as required from the Plan menu. Select Export Plan as PICT... from the File menu. The dialog box as shown in Figure 20-1 will appear. You can choose to show a north point, border, curve data, grid and right of way on the plan.
When the Grid option is checked, the Grid button will be active. Click the Grid button. A dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-2 will appear and you can specify the spacing and labelling of the co-ordinate grid system. The grid can be shown using crosses at grid intersections and/or where the grid lines cross the edge of the drawings. The grid markers can be labelled.
When the Curve Data option is checked, the Curve Data button will be active. Click the Curve Data button and the plan layout dialog box as shown in Figure 20-3 will appear. You can select the horizontal curve data (radius, arc length, spiral length, co-ordinates etc) which will be listed on Plan view. Items are listed in the order you choose and a box is drawn around these items.
When the Right of Way (R.O.W.) option is checked, the R.O.W. will be drawn on the plan. The R.O.W. width that you specify will only be used if it is larger than the width between the batters plus 3 metres. If not HighRoad will use the width between the batters plus 3 metres.
The Current View option (shown in Figure 20-1 previously) will position the plan on the drawing sheet such that the point which is in the centre of the screen will be in the centre of the drawing. It will be clipped according to the margin settings that you select.
The Strip Map option (as shown in Figure 20-4) will rotate the plan view so that it is generally running from left to right across the sheet. When the Strip Map option is chosen you can also plot the profile along the bottom of the drawing.
When Show Profile is checked, the profile button is enabled and the diagram in the lower right of the dialog box shows the plan and profile and the proportion occupied by the plan. You can nominate the proportion of the drawing occupied by the plan. To set the options for the profile, click the Profile button. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-6 will appear. Click OK or Cancel and HighRoad will return to the Plan layout dialog box. As many sheets as required will be used to produce the drawings.
The Manual control option (see Figure 20-5) allows you to choose the scale and orientation of the drawing. Orientation is the direction of the north point on the sheet zero is north up, 90 is north to the right, and so on. The plan will be rotated about the start point.
Click OK when you have selected the required layout. As each sheet of your drawing is about to be created as a PICT file a standard dialog box, in which you can name the file, will appear.
Note: The creation of a plan view can be a very time consuming process depending on the complexity of the plan, and the type of computer being used.
The profile can be exported when the Profile window is the front window. Choose Export Profile as PICT... from the File menu. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-6 will appear. You can select the scale, vertical exaggeration, drawing size, format and how to display the natural surface information.
Frequently the natural surface information on the drawing of the profile can be very cluttered if the elevation at every change of grade is displayed. In this case you can minimise this clutter by limiting the number of points which have an elevation displayed. You can choose to show elevations only at the cross section interval or only opposite points on a particular feature. This would be useful if you have a pegged line which closely parallels the control line and you wish to display elevations at chainages opposite points on this pegged line. The pegged line has to be a pegged line feature which you can then choose from the pop-up menu in the dialog box as shown in Figure 20-6.
Uphill sideslope will include an entry for slope on the uphill side of the cross section, from the natural surface at road centre line to the natural surface at the batter point. The Superelevation option is available only if superelevation has been specified for this control line. If selected a superelevation diagram will be plotted along the base of the profile. The Horizontal Alignment option will display a diagrammatic representation of the horizontal alignment along the base of the profile. The Cut and fill depths option will include an entry for the cut depth or fill height at the control line.
Cross sections can be exported when the Cross Section plot window is the front window. To specify the layout of the cross sections, choose Layout... from the Section menu. A dialog box will appear as shown in Figure 20-7.
The top four check boxes are used to select how much information is to be displayed on each cross section. In this example, the cross sections would include the natural surface levels, the finished surface levels, the offsets to these points and the level of the datum line.
The option to clip the width of the existing surface is useful to minimise the space taken up on plotted and printed drawings by showing only the natural surface within the design width. Any part of the natural surface outside the limits of the batter points is removed. Space savings can be worthwhile when the surveyed cross sections are significantly wider than the width of the finished surface. The option for setting the minimum spacing between natural surface offsets is useful to minimise clutter on a cross section drawing. Set this to zero if you wish to display the offset and elevation at every change of grade on the existing surface.
You can export cross sections in sequence or individually at specific chainages. Choose Export Cross Sections as PICT... from the File menu. A dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-8 will appear. Enter the chainage range of the cross sections you wish to export in the appropriate boxes. You can also specify the spacing between sections. The interval between printed cross sections can be either at a nominated interval or at locations opposite points on a pegged line.
To export cross sections at points on a pegged line you need to have nominated the pegged line as a feature string of type Pegged line (see page Chapter 4). The pegged line must also be approximately parallel to the control line. The cross sections that will be plotted are those that pass through the nominated points on the pegged line feature. Additional cross sections at tangent points, transition points and at user selected chainages can also be plotted. Sections at tangent points will have the postscript TC (tangent/curve) and CT (curve/tangent) and those at transition points will have TS (tangent/spiral), SC (spiral/curve), CS (curve/spiral), ST (spiral/tangent), SS (start of superelevation) and ES (end of superelevation). If User specified chainages is checked, the Extras button will be enabled. Click Extras and you can add up to 49 extra cross sections. Type in the chainages of the extra cross sections that you require. The extra sections will be added to the PICT file in the correct sequence. You can also specify whether you require the pavements and other surfaces to be filled with a pattern on the plots of the cross section.
The cross sections will be spaced out to fit as many as possible on the drawing. They will be plotted in columns with their centre lines aligned and spaced evenly to utilise the vertical space available. The columns of cross sections will also be spaced evenly across the sheet. The Clip to Design option (see Cross section layout) is useful to minimise the space taken up on plotted drawings by showing only the natural surface within the design width. Any part of the natural surface outside the limits of the batter points is not shown. Significant space savings are achieved in projects where the surveyed cross sections are much wider than the width of the finished surface. Choose Cross Sections... from the Layout menu to use this option.
You can choose to plot a border around the sheet by clicking the Border check box. Space for a title block at the bottom or side of the sheet can be allowed for by nominating an appropriate margin size. This is useful when using sheets preprinted with standard title blocks. As each drawing is about to be created as a PICT file a standard dialog box, in which you can name the file, will appear.
Exporting drawing as PICT
When the Drawing window is active you can export the current drawing as a PICT file.
Drawings can also be transferred to other CAD programs using DXF files. These are AutoCAD exchange format and can be read by many CAD programs. You can save drawings of plan, profile, and cross sections as DXF files. Any application that can accept DXF files can read the file and reproduce these drawings. You can then enhance these drawings within that application by adding notes and diagrams. DXF files can be used in CAD programs.
Exporting the plan
The plan can be exported when the Plan window is active. (Choose Plan from the Window menu.) Contours, triangles and feature strings may be shown in addition to the plan of the road when survey data is an irregular network of points. Choose Show contours, Show triangulation, Show features as required from the Plan menu. Select Export Plan as DXF... from the File menu. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-9 will appear. You can choose to export the plan as a 2D or 3D DXF file, and which units of measurement you want to use for the DXF file. DXF files representing drawings are measured in paper units, and DXF files representing the model of the ground and construction work are measured in real world units.
2D DXF
Choose 2D if you wish to export the plan formatted for a drawing sheet. Click 2D and the dialog box as shown in Figure 20-10 will appear. You can choose what information you wish to include in the drawings that will be exported. You can choose to show a north point, border, curve data, grid and right of way on the plan.
When the Grid option is checked, the Grid button will be active. Click the Grid button. A dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-11 will appear and you can specify the spacing and labelling of the co-ordinate grid system. The grid can be shown using crosses at grid intersections and/or where the grid lines cross the edge of the drawings. The grid markers can be labelled.
When the Curve Data option is checked, the Curve Data button will be active. Click the Curve Data button and the plan layout dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-12, will appear. You can select the horizontal curve data (radius, arc length, spiral length, co-ordinates etc) which will be listed on Plan view. Items are listed in the order you choose and a box is drawn around these items.
When the Right of Way (R.O.W.) option is checked, the R.O.W. will be drawn on the plan. The R.O.W. width that you specify will only be used if it is larger than the width between the batters plus 3 metres. If not HighRoad will use the width between the batters plus 3 metres.
The Current View option (shown in Figure 20-10 previously) will position the plan on the drawing sheet such that the point which is in the centre of the screen will be in the centre of the drawing. It will be clipped according to the margin settings that you select.
The Strip Map option (shown in Figure 20-13) will rotate the plan view so that it is generally running from left to right across the sheet. When the Strip Map option is chosen you can also plot the profile along the bottom of the drawing. When Show Profile is checked, the profile button is enabled and the diagram in the lower right of the dialog box shows the plan and profile and the proportion occupied by the plan. You can nominate the proportion of the drawing occupied by the plan. To set the options for the profile, click the Profile button. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-15 will appear. Click OK or Cancel and HighRoad will return to the Plan layout dialog box. As many sheets as required will be used to produce the drawings.
The Manual control option (see Figure 20-14) allows you to choose the scale and orientation of the plot. Orientation is the direction of the north point on the sheet zero is north up, 90 is north to the right, and so on. The plan will be rotated about the start point.
Click OK when you have selected the required layout. As each sheet of your drawing is about to be created as a DXF file a standard dialog box, in which you can name the file, will appear.
Note: The creation of a plan view can be a very time consuming process depending on the complexity of the plan and the type of computer being used.
3D DXF
Choose 3D if you wish to export a plan of the entire project in three dimensions. Triangles and roads can be exported as a 3D DXF file. This option is useful when exporting terrain data to other software for visualisation. Any, all or none of triangles and roads will be exported depending on which of these is displayed in the Plan view when you choose Export Plan in DXF format.
The DXF file will be created with the following layers:
BASE
POINTS
TRIANGULATION
CONTOURS
MAJOR CONTOURS
FEATURES
ROAD
MISC
LIMITS.
If roads are exported, surface names as defined in the typical section window will be added. For example:
PAVEMENT
KERB & GUTTER
Note: Only the first 12 characters of surface names are used for DXF layer names.
If the road is shown as transparent, the contours will be continuous across the road construction zone. If the road is not transparent, the contours will not be drawn across the road. The layer LIMITS includes polygons which can be used as white filled areas to blank out the background behind the road. Contours will be created as polylines.
Exporting the profile
The profile can be exported when the Profile window is the front window. Choose Export Profile as DXF... from the File menu. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-15 will appear. You can select the scale, vertical exaggeration, drawing size, format and how to display the natural surface information.
Frequently the natural surface information on the drawing of the profile can be very cluttered if the elevation at every change of grade is displayed. You can minimise this clutter by limiting the number of points which have an elevation displayed. You can choose to show elevations only at the cross section interval or only opposite points on a particular feature. This would be useful if you have a pegged line which closely parallels the control line and you wish to display elevations at chainages opposite points on this pegged line. The pegged line has to be a pegged line feature which you can then choose from the pop-up menu in the dialog box as shown in Figure 20-15.
Uphill sideslope will include an entry for slope on the uphill side of the cross section, from the natural surface at road centre line to the natural surface at the batter point.
The Superelevation option is available if superelevation has been specified for this control line. If selected a superelevation diagram will be plotted along the base of the profile. The Horizontal Alignment option will display a diagrammatic representation of the horizontal alignment along the base of the profile. The Cut and fill depths option will include an entry for the cut depth or fill height at the control line.
Click OK when you have selected the required layout. The profile will be split into lengths which fit the drawing sizes chosen. As each sheet of your drawing is about to be created as a DXF file a standard dialog box, in which you can name the file, will appear.
Exporting cross sections
Cross sections can be exported when the Cross Section plot window is the front window. To specify the layout of the cross sections, choose Layout... from the Section menu. A dialog box will appear as shown in Figure 20-16. The top four check boxes are used to select the information to be displayed on each cross section. In this example, the cross sections would include the natural surface levels, the finished surface levels, the offsets to these points and the level of the datum line.
The option to clip the width of the existing surface is useful to minimise the space taken up on plotted and printed drawings by showing only the natural surface within the design width. Any part of the natural surface outside the limits of the batter points is removed. Space savings can be worthwhile when the surveyed cross sections are significantly wider than the width of the finished surface. The option for setting the minimum spacing between natural surface offsets is useful to minimise clutter on a cross section drawing. Set this to zero if you wish to display the offset and elevation at every change of grade on the existing surface.
You can export cross sections in sequence or individually at specific chainages. Choose Export Cross Sections in DXF format... from the File menu when you are ready to export the cross sections. A dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-17, will appear.
Enter the chainage range of the cross sections you wish to export in the appropriate boxes. You can also specify the spacing between sections. The interval between printed cross sections can be either at a nominated interval or at locations opposite points on a pegged line.
To export cross sections at points on a pegged line you need to have nominated the pegged line as a feature string of type Pegged line (see Chapter 4). The pegged line must also be approximately parallel to the control line. The cross sections that will be plotted are those that pass through the nominated points on the pegged line feature.
Additional cross sections at tangent points, transition points and at user selected chainages can also be plotted. Sections at tangent points will have the postscript TC (tangent/curve) and CT (curve/tangent) and those at transition points will have TS (tangent/spiral), SC (spiral/curve), CS (curve/spiral), ST (spiral/tangent), SS (start of superelevation) and ES (end of superelevation). If User specified chainages is checked, the Extras button will be enabled. Click Extras and you can add up to 49 extra cross sections. Type in the chainages of the extra cross sections that you require. The extra sections will be added to the DXF file in the correct sequence.
The cross sections will be spaced out to fit as many as possible on the drawing. They will be plotted in columns with their centre lines aligned and spaced evenly to utilise the vertical space available. The columns of cross sections will also be spaced evenly across the sheet. The Clip to Design option is useful to minimise the space taken up on plotted drawings by showing only the natural surface within the design width. Any part of the natural surface outside the limits of the batter points is not shown. Significant space savings are achieved in projects where the surveyed cross sections are much wider than the width of the finished surface. Choose Cross Sections... from the Layout menu to use this option.
You can choose to plot a border around the sheet by clicking the Border check box. Space for a title block at the bottom or side of the sheet can be allowed for by nominating an appropriate margin size. This is useful when using sheets preprinted with standard title blocks or when using title blocks created in the CAD program. As each drawing is about to be created as a DXF file a standard dialog box, in which you can name the file, will appear.
You can export the terrain model (not the roads) in CivilCAD format. Bring the text window to the front. Choose List in CivilCAD ASCII format.
Note: If you construct the roads so that they become part of the terrain, road information can be exported for use in CivilCAD.
The points and feature strings will be listed as a CivilCAD ASCII file. Non contourable points will be listed with an elevation of -10000. Each feature type will be on a separate layer -- there could be more than one feature on a layer. The names of features often have to be changed and/or truncated to conform to the limitations of CivilCAD layer names. The names will be converted to upper case and spaces will be converted to an underscore. Names will be truncated to a maximum of 5 characters. This may cause naming clashes if there is more than one feature with the first 5 characters the same. If so, they are reduced to 3 characters and 2 digits from 00 to 99 are added to differentiate between them. Symbols are converted to the equivalent CivilCAD symbol where possible.
You can export each control line as a MOSS GENIO file. If the road is displayed in plan view as a control line only, then only the control line will be exported. If all of the road is displayed, then all the links will be exported. The control line will be exported as a MOSS 6 dimensional string. The 6 dimensional co-ordinate groups will be spaced at the cross section interval currently in force. The six dimensions exported for each point are: easting, northing, elevation, chainage, bearing and radius. Straights are listed as radius 999,999.9 metres. The control line string will be named MR followed by the control line number. (For example, control line 12 will be named MR12.)
Link edges, such as the pavement edge, and outer reference points of edges such as kerbs are exported as MOSS three dimensional strings. The three dimensions exported are easting, northing and elevation. Some link edges may be discontinuous. For example, a drain in a cutting is only applicable when the road is in a cutting. As the road changes from cut to fill over its length, the drain stops and starts. Such link edges are created as a MOSS string with discontinuities.
MOSS three dimensional strings are named according to a code you nominate, the control line they are attached to, which side of centre line they are on, and a string number. See MOSS strings. The file name suggested by HighRoad will be the name of the control line followed by the suffix .MOS. You may have to rename this to suit the operating system that the MOSS file will be used on.
Listing points and observations
You can list the points of a terrain model in a text file. Choose Text from the Window menu. If there is not a text file open, an empty document will appear on the screen. If a text file is already open, it will become the active window. If you do not wish to add the points information to this text file, choose New text file from the File menu. An empty document will appear.
Choose List points... from the Text menu. A dialog box which allows you to choose the information you wish to list about the points will appear on the screen. You can choose to list the point number, its northing, easting and elevation and comments about the point.
Click OK. All the points will be listed in the Text window. You can save this file and open it with other applications that read text files such as spreadsheets and word processors.
You can also list observations when the data is read from a data logger. This option is only available immediately after you have converted the data. If you change jobs or quit this information is not stored. Choose Text from the Window menu. If there is not a text file open, an empty document will appear on the screen. If a text file is already open, it will become the active window. If you don't wish to add these observations to this text file, choose New text file from the File menu. An empty document will appear.
Choose List Observations from the Text menu. All the observations will be listed in the Text window. You can save this file and open it with other applications that read text files such as spreadsheets and word processors.
Note: When listing in a text file hundreds and thousands separators are not shown. This is done to avoid problems that have been evident when reading text files with separators into various spreadsheets (the numbers were not recognised as a number when separators were present.)
You can list the earthworks quantities for either roads or building pads in a text file. Choose Text from the Window menu. If there is not a text file open, an empty document will appear on the screen. If a text file is already open, it will become the active window. If you do not wish to add the quantities information to this text file, choose New text file from the File menu. An empty document will appear.
For building pads, choose List Quantities from the Text menu.
For roads, make sure that you have selected the required quantities limits, strip depth, earthworks factor (i.e. compaction or bulking) and method of calculation. You can choose these items from the Text menu. Choose List Quantities from the Text menu. A dialog box which allows you to choose the information you wish to list about the quantities will appear on the screen. You can choose to list the cut end area, fill end area, cut volume, fill volume, strip volume and strip area. If a second strata exists then you can also choose to list the cut area and cut volume of this second strata.
If the second strata is marked For earthworks monitoring the quantities will be listed in two sections, one for work done, the other for work not yet complete.
You can save this text file and open it with other applications that read text files such as spreadsheets and word processors.
Note: To take account of intersecting control lines when calculating quantities or batter slopes, one or more control lines may have to be constructed.
You can list the setout information in a text file. Choose Text from the Window menu. If there is not a text file open, an empty document will appear on the screen. If a text file is already open, it will appear on the screen. If you do not wish to add the setout information to this text file, choose New from the File menu. An empty document will appear.
Choose List setout... from the Text window. A dialog box will appear as shown in Figure 20-18. From Pegged line will be greyed out and not available if there are no pegged line features. Any pegged line features will be listed in the pop-up menu. (To specify a feature as a pegged line, double-click a point on the feature, and click the Feature button, this will show the details of this feature make sure the Pegged Line box is checked). Chainages along the pegged line will be listed when the Pegged line box is checked.
The List setout... command will list the northings and eastings at chainages along the current control line. HighRoad will list setting out information at regular intervals along the control line or opposite points on the pegged line. If offsets are to be from the pegged line, setting out information will be listed for each point on the pegged line. If offsets are to be from the control line, setting out information will be listed at the cross section interval.
You can list the horizontal alignment details for the current control line in a text file. Choose Text from the Window menu. If there is not a text file open, an empty document will appear on the screen. If a text file is already open, it will appear on the screen. If you do not wish to add the setout information to this text file, choose New from the File menu. An empty document will appear.
Choose List Horizontal Alignment... from the Text menu. You can select which items should be listed for each curve from the dialog box (see Figure 20-19) that appears. The order in which you list them will be the order in which they are listed. A number appears beside each box to show the currently selected order. The items on the right side only apply to plan transitions and are only active if plan transitions are used on the active control line.
You can export the terrain model in GDL format. (ArchiCAD uses GDL files.) Choose Save terrain as GDL file... You will be asked to name the file. HighRoad will create a text file containing a GDL 3D script.
This will include the triangles that make up the terrain model. If the terrain has been changed by constructing any roads, this is the terrain that will be exported as triangles. To use this file in ArchiCAD, choose Open Library Part and select GDL and as Object as shown in the dialog box in Figure 20-20. Select the GDL file from HighRoad and click Open.
Once the conversion has been done, and the new untitled library part is open, go to the 2D Script window and type PROJECT2 3,270,1 as shown in Figure 20-21. Save and place on FloorPlan.
You can export the terrain model in Quickdraw 3D metafile format (QDMF). Choose Save terrain as Quickdraw 3D file... You will be asked to name the file. HighRoad will create a text file containing Quickdraw 3D objects. This will include the triangles that make up the terrain model. If the terrain has been changed by constructing any roads, this is the terrain that will be exported as triangles. If roads are constructed the triangles will be coloured according to the link types that make up the road.
Exporting points to a data logger
If your data logger is not already connected, turn off the computer and connect your data logger to the communications serial port of your computer. For computers that do not have a serial port, refer to the note regarding serial ports.
Preparing points for uploading to a data logger
To prepare points for upload to a data logger the Plan window must be the active window. Select the points you want to uploadby drawing a rectangle around the points. You can add or delete points from the selection by clicking on the points while holding down the Shift key. If a feature is selected, the points on that feature will be listed in order along the feature.
Note: If no points are selected in the Plan window, all points on the plan will be listed.
Select List Points from the Text menu. A dialog box as shown in Figure 20-22 will appear. Choose the format you require to suit upload to various data loggers. GSI (Wild, Leica), TOPCON and SDR (Sokkisha, Sokkia).
Note: The formats Tab delimited, SGI and SDR all list one point per line. TOPCON uses a less readable, but more compact format. The tab delimited format may be suitable for use with some data loggers. Points on a feature currently list only in Tab delimited or TOPCON format.
Click OK. The points listed in the text window are ready for upload.
Exporting to a data logger
Choose Upload to datalogger from the Text menu. A dialog box will appear which allows you to select the communication settings on your computer that match your data logger (see Figure 20-23 ) Select the appropriate serial port from the from the pop-up menu. There is also a check box to enable Ack-Nack protocol for use with TOPCON devices.
Note: Some data loggers and instruments can accept PC Memory Cards (sometimes known as PCMCIA cards). To upload data to such dataloggers the text file should be saved, and copied onto the PC card. Many notebook computers are fitted with PC card slots, and others can be fitted with external PC card readers. Some computers do not have built-in serial ports. Add-on serial ports are available and you can also connect via USB connectors, PCI slots, or PC card slots. For serial ports added in this manner, proceed as outlined above. Individual manufacturers supply the necessary drivers for their serial port.
Click OK and the data logger should be ready to accept data. If no response is received on the serial port after 90 seconds, the upload is abandoned.
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